Each year the Association for the
Study of African American Life and History ( ASAALH) selects a
theme for the focus of African American History Month which is
celebrated nationally during the month of February. During the 2005 year the
theme was the
Niagara Movement: Black Protest Reborn, 1905-2005. According
to the 2004 edition of the World Book Encyclopedia the: "Niagara
Movement was an organization founded by African Americans to
fight racial discrimination in the United States. It existed from
1905 to 1910. At its height, the Niagara Movement had 30
branches in various American cities. It failed to win the support of
most blacks, but many of the movement's ideas were adopted in 1909
by a new interracial organization---the National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). The Niagara Movement
was founded in Niagara Falls, Canada. W. E. B. DuBois, an African
American professor at Atlanta University, led the organization. The
movement placed the responsibility for racial problems in the United
States on whites. The Niagara Movement thus opposed the views
of the famous educator Booker T. Washington, who urged blacks to
stop demanding equal rights. Various branches of the movement
demanded voting rights for African Americans, opposed school
segregation, and worked to elect candidates who promised to fight
race prejudice. " (Scruggs, Otey M. "Niagara Movement". World
Book Encyclopedia. 2004 ed.) REFDESK AE5 .W55 2004 v.14
The 1905 meeting at Niagara Falls was originally scheduled to take
place on the United States side of the Falls, however when the group
was denied accommodations by hotels because of racial prejudice,
they moved to the Canada side. Approximately 60 prominent
individuals were invited to the meeting but only about half showed
up. A few of the individuals in attendance at this first meeting
were:
| W. E. B. DuBois |
William Monroe Trotter |
| Clement G. Morgan |
Dr. N. F. Mossell |
| T. Max Barber |
William A. Sinclair |
| William Pickens |
Reverdy C. Ransom |
| Alonzo F. Herndon |
H. A. Thompson |
| Fred McGhee |
Norris Bumstead |
| Robert Bonner |
Henry L. Baily |
|
W. H. H. Hart |
B. S. Smith |
Founders of the Niagara Movement at Niagara Falls, 1905:
The second conference of the Niagara Movement took place
on August 16, 1906 at Harper's Ferry, West Virginia at the site of
John Brown's raid at the federal arsenal. This is a link to the
speech that W. E. B. Dubois gave to the men gathered there:
Men of Niagra by W. E. B. DuBois
More information about the
Niagara Movement and its legacy can be found in the information
resources listed below.
Getting Background Information Your search for information on the Niagara Movement can
include books, magazines, journals, newspapers, and authoritative
Internet Resources. Reference books are a good starting point for
gathering background information about the Niagara Movement
as well as civil rights in general. Selected Reference Books:
| REF E184.6 .A33 2001 |
African American Archive |
| REF E185 .A253 2001 v.7 |
African American Encyclopedia |
| REF E185 .A2533 1999 |
African American Experience on File |
| REF E185.96 .A446 2004 |
African American Lives |
| REF E185 .A2585 v.1 |
African Americans: Voices of Triumph,
Perseverance |
| REF E185.61 .C615 1996 |
Civil Rights Movement |
| REF E185 E54 1995 V.4 |
Encyclopedia of African-American Culture and
History |
| REF PS153 .N5 A24 2003 |
Encyclopedia of the Harlem Renaissance |
| REF E185.61 .E544 1998 v.2 |
Encyclopedia of Civil Rights in America |
| REF E185.86 .N68 1999 |
Notable Black American Men |
Use the Cerritos College Library Online Catalog at
http://www.cerritos.edu/MARION to find books available in this
library. You may find books that provide a broad overview, and
others that give more in-depth information. By doing a subject
search using African Americans Civil Rights History and
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People you
will retrieve listings of books that include information on the
Niagara Movement. You can also search the names of individuals
involved in the movement as a subject search to find biographical
books about these individuals and their involvement in the movement.
Selected Circulating Books:
| E185.5 .N276 H8 |
Hughes, Langston. Fight for Freedom: the
story of the NAACP. |
| E185.5 .N276 K4 v.1 |
Kellog, Charles Flint. NAACP: a history of
the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. |
| E185 .L45 1996 |
Levine, Michael L. African Americans and
Civil Rights: from 1619 to the present. |
| E185.61 .M18 |
McPherson, James M. The Abolitionist Legacy.
|
| E185.6 .M5 |
Meier, August. Negro Thought in America,
1880-1915; racial ideologies in the age of Booker T. Washington. |
| E185 .S65 2003 |
Spivey, Donald. Fire from the soul: a history
of the African American struggle. |
| E185.98 .O95 W44 1998 |
Wedin, Carolyn. Inheritors of the Spirit:
Mary White Ovington and the founding of the NAACP. |
Online Magazines, Journals, Newspapers and
More Journals and magazines usually provide the
most current information on a topic. Journal articles are more
scholarly or professional, while magazine articles tend to be
shorter and more general. Newspaper articles, while not scholarly or
professional, can give you the most current news and additional
facts on the Niagara Movement. To find articles on your
topic, use one of the online databases listed below. They are
available at
http://www.cerritos.edu/library/http://www.cerritos.edu/library/e-resources.html. See the
Library Internet Resources handout for a complete description of
our online resources. EbscoHost
Ethnic NewsWatch
NewsBank InfoWeb
Project MUSE
Encyclopedia of World Biography (e-book)
Internet Sites
For additional Internet Resources on other topics, click here to
go to web sites selected by the librarians on
African American
History & Studies.
Web Author:
Lynda Sampson
(lsampson@cerritos.edu)
Disclaimer
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