Lecture Outline –
Foundations of American Foreign Policy – American Expansion in the 1890s[1]
Overhead
I
Historical Context
A Western European Imperialism: Greed,
Glory, God
B United States – 19th
century - Manifest Destiny
II
America – Model Society
A “City on a hill” and “let the eyes of
the world be on us…”
B Permanent goal of American policy
toward outside world
C Motivations
1
Idealism
of Democracy
2
Self-Interest
of capitalism and political power
III
Early Expansionism of 19th
century
A 1850s – Trade with Japan
B 1865 – Secretary of State – William
Seward
C 1850 – 1870s – Commercial Dominance
in Latin America and Asia
D Example: Hawaiian Islands
IV
American Expansion – Global Context
(map)
A Aggressive European Expansion – “New
Imperialism
B Rationale: Social Darwinism –
Survival of the Fittest
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C Example: Scramble for Africa
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V
United States – Intent and Interests
(map)
A Central and Latin America, Caribbean
and Pacific Rim
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VI
Expansionism in the 1890s
A Frederick Jackson Turner – 1893
1
American
character – quest to conquer the frontier
2
End
of America Frontier
3
New
frontiers – beyond American borders
B Two Concepts
1
Mobility
and Markets
2
Morality
and Missionary Activity
C Similar to European Imperialism:
Greed, Glory, God
VII
Greed: Profits: Searching for
Overseas Markets
A Rationale – Laws of Supply and Demand
(Capitalism)
B American Economic Growth
1
1870
- $434 billion – Ranked Fourth
2
1900
– $1.5 billion – Ranked First; surpassed Great
3
1914
- $2.5 billion
C The Problem - Economic Depression of
1893
D The Solution: Global Markets
VIII
Glory: Patriotism
A Assertion of National Power
B National Honor to engage in the Darwinian
Struggle to Assert
C The
IX
God: Piety: the Missionary Impulse
A “City on a Hill” - “Doing Good for
Others” – “White Man’s Burden”
B Josiah Strong – Reform Darwinism
X
The Marketing Plan: Politics and
Manipulating Public Opinion
A Need for Marketing Plan -
Presidential Politics
B Issues – The Safety Value